A city tested autonomous buses in one district while keeping drivers ready to intervene.
/ə ˈsɪti ˈtɛstɪd ɔˈtɑnəməs ˈbʌsɪz ɪn wʌn ˈdɪstɹɪkt waɪl ˈkipɪŋ ˈdɹaɪvɚz ˈɹɛdi tə ˌɪntɚˈvin./
At first, this looked like a small decision about future society, but its result soon became visible.
/æt fɚst, ðɪs lʊkt laɪk ə smɔl dɪˈsɪʒən əˈbaʊt ˈfjut͡ʃɚ səˈsaɪəti, bʌt ɪts ɹɪˈzʌlt sun bɪˈkeɪm ˈvɪzɪbəl./
The case raises a broader question: how present choices shape future work, cities, and rights.
/ðə keɪs ˈɹeɪzɪz ə ˈbɹɔdɚ ˈkwɛst͡ʃən: haʊ ˈpɹɛzənt ˈt͡ʃɔɪsɪz ʃeɪp ˈfjut͡ʃɚ wɚk, ˈsɪtiz, ænd ɹaɪts./
Institutions should explain what they can do about future society and what individuals must decide.
/ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənz ʃʊd ɪkˈspleɪn wʌt ðeɪ kən du əˈbaʊt ˈfjut͡ʃɚ səˈsaɪəti ænd wʌt ˌɪndɪˈvɪd͡ʒuəlz mʌst dɪˈsaɪd./
The example draws attention to a future forecast, which can shape how people respond to future society.
/ðə ɪɡˈzæmpəl dɹɔz əˈtɛnʃən tə ə ˈfjut͡ʃɚ ˈfɔɹˌkæst, wɪt͡ʃ kən ʃeɪp haʊ ˈpipəl ɹɪˈspɑnd tə ˈfjut͡ʃɚ səˈsaɪəti./
A closer look at a social transformation reveals a practical side of future society that general opinions often miss.
/ə ˈkloʊsɚ lʊk æt ə ˈsoʊʃəl ˌtɹænsfɚˈmeɪʃən ɹɪˈvilz ə ˈpɹæktɪkəl saɪd əv ˈfjut͡ʃɚ səˈsaɪəti ðæt ˈd͡ʒɛnɚəl əˈpɪnjənz ˈɔftən mɪs./
One key factor can explain why people experience future society in different ways.
/wʌn ki ˈfæktɚ kən ɪkˈspleɪn waɪ ˈpipəl ɪkˈspɪɹiəns ˈfjut͡ʃɚ səˈsaɪəti ɪn ˈdɪfɹənt weɪz./
Values, resources, and past experience can influence behaviour related to future society.
/ˈvæljuz, ˈɹisɔɹsɪz, ænd pæst ɪkˈspɪɹiəns kən ˈɪnfluəns bɪˈheɪvjɚ ɹɪˈleɪtɪd tə ˈfjut͡ʃɚ səˈsaɪəti./
A long-term consequence of future society may be less visible than the immediate result.
/ə lɔŋ tɚm ˈkɑnsəkwəns əv ˈfjut͡ʃɚ səˈsaɪəti meɪ bi lɛs ˈvɪzɪbəl ðən ðə ɪˈmidiɪt ɹɪˈzʌlt./
A balanced approach to future society compares benefits, costs, and the needs of different groups.
/ə ˈbælənst əˈpɹoʊt͡ʃ tə ˈfjut͡ʃɚ səˈsaɪəti kəmˈpɛɹz ˈbɛnəfɪts, kɔsts, ænd ðə nidz əv ˈdɪfɹənt ɡɹups./
The main benefit of a thoughtful response to future society is a result that people can actually observe.
/ðə meɪn ˈbɛnəfɪt əv ə ˈθɔtfəl ɹɪˈspɑns tə ˈfjut͡ʃɚ səˈsaɪəti ɪz ə ɹɪˈzʌlt ðæt ˈpipəl kən ˈækt͡ʃəli əbˈzɚv./
The main challenge is to respond to future society without creating a larger problem elsewhere.
/ðə meɪn ˈt͡ʃælɪnd͡ʒ ɪz tə ɹɪˈspɑnd tə ˈfjut͡ʃɚ səˈsaɪəti wɪˈðaʊt kɹiˈeɪtɪŋ ə ˈlɑɹd͡ʒɚ ˈpɹɑbləm ˈɛlˌswɛɹ./
Strong evidence helps people judge future society without relying on a single attractive story.
/stɹɔŋ ˈɛvədəns hɛlps ˈpipəl d͡ʒʌd͡ʒ ˈfjut͡ʃɚ səˈsaɪəti wɪˈðaʊt ɹiˈlaɪɪŋ ɔn ə ˈsɪŋɡəl əˈtɹæktɪv ˈstɔɹi./
Personal experience is a useful starting point, but evidence about future society must also include other groups and conditions.
/ˈpɚsənəl ɪkˈspɪɹiəns ɪz ə ˈjusfəl ˈstɑɹtɪŋ pɔɪnt, bʌt ˈɛvədəns əˈbaʊt ˈfjut͡ʃɚ səˈsaɪəti mʌst ˈɔlsoʊ ɪŋˈklud ˈʌðɚ ɡɹups ænd kənˈdɪʃənz./
A single example can show that a response is possible; it cannot prove that the response will work everywhere.
/ə ˈsɪŋɡəl ɪɡˈzæmpəl kən ʃoʊ ðæt ə ɹɪˈspɑns ɪz ˈpɑsəbəl; ɪt kæˈnɑt pɹuv ðæt ðə ɹɪˈspɑns wɪl wɚk ˈɛvɹiˌwɛɹ./
For that reason, responsible decisions define a goal, observe the result, and change direction when the evidence is weak.
/fɚ ðæt ˈɹizən, ɹiˈspɑnsɪbəl dɪˈsɪʒənz dɪˈfaɪn ə ɡoʊl, əbˈzɚv ðə ɹɪˈzʌlt, ænd t͡ʃeɪnd͡ʒ dɪˈɹɛkʃən wɛn ðə ˈɛvədəns ɪz wik./
The results indicate that the effects of future society are not identical for every group.
/ðə ɹɪˈzʌlts ˈɪndɪˌkeɪt ðæt ðə ɪˈfɛkts əv ˈfjut͡ʃɚ səˈsaɪəti ɑɹ nɑt aɪˈdɛntɪkəl fɚ ˈɛvɹi ɡɹup./
Several personal and social factors contribute to how people experience future society.
/ˈsɛvɚəl ˈpɚsənəl ænd ˈsoʊʃəl ˈfæktɚz kənˈtɹɪbjut tə haʊ ˈpipəl ɪkˈspɪɹiəns ˈfjut͡ʃɚ səˈsaɪəti./
People need realistic support to maintain a balance between the benefits and costs of future society.
/ˈpipəl nid ˌɹiəˈlɪstɪk səˈpɔɹt tə meɪnˈteɪn ə ˈbæləns bɪˈtwin ðə ˈbɛnəfɪts ænd kɔsts əv ˈfjut͡ʃɚ səˈsaɪəti./
A serious problem involving future society may require attention from both individuals and institutions.
/ə ˈsɪɹiəs ˈpɹɑbləm ɪnˈvɑlvɪŋ ˈfjut͡ʃɚ səˈsaɪəti meɪ ɹɪˈkwaɪɚ əˈtɛnʃən fɹʌm boʊθ ˌɪndɪˈvɪd͡ʒuəlz ænd ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃənz./
Available information can change how people understand and respond to future society.
/əˈveɪləbəl ˌɪnfɔɹˈmeɪʃən kən t͡ʃeɪnd͡ʒ haʊ ˈpipəl ˌʌndɚˈstænd ænd ɹɪˈspɑnd tə ˈfjut͡ʃɚ səˈsaɪəti./
The case shows why a clear explanation matters when people make decisions about future society.
/ðə keɪs ʃoʊz waɪ ə klɪɹ ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən ˈmætɚz wɛn ˈpipəl meɪk dɪˈsɪʒənz əˈbaʊt ˈfjut͡ʃɚ səˈsaɪəti./
A concrete example of future society makes the central idea easier to understand and evaluate.
/ə ˈkɑŋkɹit ɪɡˈzæmpəl əv ˈfjut͡ʃɚ səˈsaɪəti meɪks ðə ˈsɛntɹəl aɪˈdiə ˈiziɚ tə ˌʌndɚˈstænd ænd ɪˈvæljuˌeɪt./
People can describe an experience when a real situation involving future society requires action.
/ˈpipəl kən dɪˈskɹaɪb ən ɪkˈspɪɹiəns wɛn ə ɹil ˌsɪt͡ʃuˈeɪʃən ɪnˈvɑlvɪŋ ˈfjut͡ʃɚ səˈsaɪəti ɹiˈkwaɪɚz ˈækʃən./
People can compare two responses to future society only when they use the same criteria.
/ˈpipəl kən kəmˈpɛɹ tu ɹɪˈspɑnsɪz tə ˈfjut͡ʃɚ səˈsaɪəti ˈoʊnli wɛn ðeɪ juz ðə seɪm kɹaɪˈtɪɹiə./
A convincing view of future society gives a reason and then tests it against a concrete example.
/ə kənˈvɪnsɪŋ vju əv ˈfjut͡ʃɚ səˈsaɪəti ɡɪvz ə ˈɹizən ænd ðɛn tɛsts ɪt əˈɡɛnst ə ˈkɑŋkɹit ɪɡˈzæmpəl./
The most practical lesson is that future society should be judged through real effects rather than attractive slogans.
/ðə moʊst ˈpɹæktɪkəl ˈlɛsən ɪz ðæt ˈfjut͡ʃɚ səˈsaɪəti ʃʊd bi d͡ʒʌd͡ʒd θɹu ɹil ɪˈfɛkts ˈɹæðɚ ðən əˈtɹæktɪv ˈsloʊɡənz./
Good decisions connect a clear purpose with evidence, human experience, and the willingness to revise a weak approach.
/ɡʊd dɪˈsɪʒənz kəˈnɛkt ə klɪɹ ˈpɚpəs wɪθ ˈɛvədəns, ˈhjumən ɪkˈspɪɹiəns, ænd ðə ˈwɪlɪŋnəs tə ɹɪˈvaɪz ə wik əˈpɹoʊt͡ʃ./
When those parts stay connected, the topic becomes easier to discuss in daily conversation and in an IELTS answer.
/wɛn ðoʊz pɑɹts steɪ kəˈnɛktɪd, ðə ˈtɑpɪk bɪˈkʌmz ˈiziɚ tə dɪˈskʌs ɪn ˈdeɪli ˌkɑnvɚˈseɪʃən ænd ɪn ən aɪ ɛl ti ɛs ˈænsɚ./